Wax soo saar

35kii sano ee la soo dhaafay, warshadaha birta iyo birta waxay arkeen isbedelo la taaban karo.Sannadkii 1980kii waxa la soo saaray 716 milyan oo tan oo bir ah, waddamada soo socdaa waxa ay ka mid ahaayeen: USSR (21% wax soo saarka birta caalamiga ah), Japan (16%), USA (14%), Jarmalka (6%), Shiinaha (5%) ), Talyaaniga (4%), Faransiiska iyo Poland (3%), Kanada iyo Brazil (2%).Sida laga soo xigtay Ururka birta Adduunka (WSA), sannadkii 2014-kii wax-soo-saarka birta adduunku waxa uu gaadhay 1665 milyan oo tan - 1% ayaa kor u kacay marka la barbar dhigo 2013. Liiska dalalka hormuudka ka ah ayaa si weyn isu beddelay.Shiinaha ayaa kaalinta koowaad ku jira oo aad uga sarreeya waddamada kale (60% wax soo saarka birta caalamiga ah), saamiga waddamada kale ee ugu sarreeya-10 waa 2-8% - Japan (8%), USA iyo India (6%), Koonfurta Kuuriya iyo Ruushka (5%), Jarmalka (3%), Turkey, Brazil iyo Taiwan (2%) (eeg sawirka 2).Marka laga soo tago Shiinaha, wadamada kale ee xoojiyay booskooda 10-ka sare waa India, South Korea, Brazil iyo Turkey.

Isticmaalka

Birta noocyadeeda kala duwan ( birta, birta iyo birta duuban) ayaa ah qalabka ugu isticmaalka badan dhismaha dhaqaalaha casriga ah ee caalamka.Waxay haysaa meesha ugu horeysa ee dhismaha ka hor alwaax, iyadoo la tartamaysa sibidhka iyo la falgalka iyada (ferroconcrete), oo weli la tartamaysa noocyada cusub ee qalabka dhismaha (polimers, ceramics).Sannado badan, warshadaha injineernimada ayaa isticmaalayay walxo bir ah in ka badan warshadaha kale.Isticmaalka birta caalamiga ah waxaa lagu gartaa kor u kac.Celceliska heerka kobaca isticmaalka ee 2014 wuxuu ahaa 3%.Heerka kobaca hoose ayaa lagu arki karaa wadamada horumaray (2%).Wadamada soo koraya waxay leeyihiin heer sare oo isticmaalka birta (1,133 mln tonnes).